Pervasive Computing: IBMs Autonomic System and the Cautions Necessary

Inescapable Computing: IBM's Autonomic System and the Cautions Necessary Inescapable processing is here. It is being coordinated into our general public from various perspectives that can be concocted. Chips are springing up in ordinary items. Vehicles, planes, ships, telephones, PDA’s, fridges, and soon a person’s cap, shoes, and dress. This is fine and dandy, the progression of innovation is something that has consistently and will consistently be a steady in our way of life. The requirement for greater interconnectivity is getting increasingly evident in business, schools, and individual lives. IBM is dealing with a venture, called Autonomic Computing, which will make a general standard for innovation and the incorporation of electronic gadgets. One of their cases for the need of the undertaking is a statement, â€Å"Civilization progresses by expanding the quantity of significant activities which we can perform without contemplating them. - Alfred North Whitehead. They state that we cause social advances by taking the procedures and tec hniques we to have now and computerizing them, in this manner giving the opportunity to investigate new and novel approaches to finish the left over procedures and methodology. The headway of the way of life is a need for any general public, however the surrender of control of specific procedures must be directed. IBM says that the issue is a result of the fast development of data and innovation we as people can't stay aware of the expansion. Access to data is getting wild through the making of remote and handheld gadgets. These gadgets need a standard of creation and association with give the best impact. IBM’s arrangement is a PC organize that is â€Å"flexible, open, and transparent.† (The Solution, IBM Research) The framework will... ...lems are cause for stress. People at last need to have the command over the framework, having the choice to screen and watch, as far as possible its effective reach, or totally deactivate the framework. Reference index 1. http://www.research.ibm.com/autonomic/Autonomic figuring; IBM, 2. http://www.doorsofperception.com/ventures/chi/â€Å"The configuration challenge of unavoidable computing,† John Thackara Doors of Perception, April 2000.. 3. http://www.nathan.com/contemplations/bound together/unified.pdf Information Interaction Design: A Unified Field Theory of Design, Nathan Shedroff, Chief Creative Officer, distinctive studios, 1994 4. Halligan, Tom., (1999) â€Å"Lose the remote, take in some oxygen.† Electronic Design. p. 16 (database: Applied Science and Technology Abstracts 1983 †Present) 5. Hardware industry record from www.encyclopedia.com

Living in Color free essay sample

Our lives resemble strands of yarn. Some more, some shorter, some tangled and curved, some straight and valid. Every one of them woven together in the muddled, wonderful, embroidery such is reality. My string begins on November twentieth, 1997. As we finish my string the following scarcely any years, hues start to show up: The sharp green of long, wild grass, the red and yellow of a newly picked apple, the profound, dark blue of the Columbia River.It gets covered in the substances of mud puddles, fileted fish, and scratched knees, and weaved by the strands of my four siblings. From age five on, you can see the conspicuous impact of different lives covering my own. The brilliant orange from my youth amigo, Joey, the shade of his rucksack and baseball top. The warm blue from my closest companion Sophie, quiet and calm like her character yet at the same time bubbly and sweet like her chuckle. We will compose a custom article test on Living in Color or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The sort, dark red from my first craftsmanship educator. The exhausted however quiet grays of math and science instructors advising me to attempt once again. A wild discord of paint-splattered hues tossed in when I began as a T.A. for the Kindergarten workmanship class at age eight. The hues kept on changing as the years passed, lighting up particularly at whatever point I was called to coach a kindred understudy, act in the school play, or talk in chapel. In spite of the fact that, after hitting center school, the hues started to blur, arriving at a dull dark as I toiled during a time of secondary school, feeling unchallenged by what my self-teaching mother and community instructors could offer. At that point, with an impact, the hues changed. At age fifteen, I began going to my neighborhood junior college through their Running Start program. My blurred strand of yarn was out of nowhere overpowered by the shades of new individuals, places, and encounters. The brilliant green of a Spanish teacher who communicated in fourteen dialects. The eccentric orange of a splendid math educator who began showing Calculus at age nineteen. The neon, headache instigating purple generally night nervousness. Individuals regularly reveal to me that beginning school at fifteen more likely than not slaughtered me. Be that as it may, genuinely? I’ve never felt increasingly alive. Of all the new hues that attacked my strand of life in the wake of beginning school, the one that was generally reliable and requesting was the rosy orange of vulnerability. I had positively no clue what I needed to do with my life when I began school. My examinations of majors, colleges, and professions had just brought about the dull dark of disappointment. There were such a large number of decisions! With all the hues throughout my life, how might I pick only one to seek after? Attempting to limit it down, I chose to make a rundown of things I knew without a doubt: I knew I didn’t like math or science. I realized I liked craftsmanship, music, and english. Yet, more than anything, I realized I cherished individuals. Glancing back at my string of life, I loved the brilliant red pride from having my composing distributed or winning craftsmanship rivalries. I loved the apprehensive light blue of playing piano every Sunday with the love group. Be that as it may, the hues from things all blurred in contrast with the hues left from individuals. The most brilliant colorsin my life originate from when I’m driving Youth Group at my congregation, functioning as a visit direct at our neighborhood exhibition hall, investing energy finding old companions, coaching different understudies at the school, or filling in as an interpreter for the Spanish-speakers in our plantation. I love becoming more acquainted with every individual I meet, finding their real nature and letting them converge with mine. I’m still not certain what my future holds, yet I do know this: Whatever I might be, I trust it is beautiful.

Minimal Maxims

Minimal Maxims Updated for 2019, we pulled together a bunch of our audiences favorite quotes by The Minimalists and displayed them below, one tweet at a time. Which is you favorite? If youd like a more comprehensive list of our Minimal Maxims, we developed a simple website that contains hundreds of The Minimalists quotes in one place. Love people and use things, because the opposite never works. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) February 14, 2018 Scrolling is the new smoking. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) March 27, 2018 You can’t change the people around you, but you can change the people around you. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) August 3, 2019 Do you like what you like, or did someone tell you to like it? Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) December 26, 2018 Oxygen is anxiety’s enemy. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) May 26, 2019 Day one. Or one day. You decide. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) January 1, 2019 The truth is, you can skip the pursuit of happiness altogether and just be happy. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) September 15, 2018 Whenever you say “yes” to something unimportant, you’re saying “no” to something important. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) January 2, 2019 A pound of experiences is much more valuable than a pound of stuff. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) May 15, 2019 Are they paying you to wear that logo, or did you pay them for the privilege of advertising on your body? Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) January 4, 2019 Our memories are not in our things. Our memories are in us. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) May 19, 2019 Making a good living is not the same thing as living well. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) January 9, 2019 Debt-free is the new American Dream. â€"@RyanNicodemus The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) March 21, 2019 Some of the worst experiences in my life are some of the best experiences in my life. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) January 22, 2019 Happiness is a byproduct of a meaningful life. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) August 3, 2019 A kind person is the best kind of person. Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) June 26, 2019 If you’re just driving around without a destination in mind, you’ll never get there. The Minimalists (@TheMinimalists) June 4, 2019 My proudest fatherly moment. https://t.co/Kxe4hIK3vu Joshua Fields Millburn (@JFM) March 1, 2019 Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

The Fourth Amendment - 1515 Words

The Fourth Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights which was established in the seventeenth and eighteenth century English common law. Aside from the rest of the amendments in the Bill of Rights the Fourth Amendment can be traced back to a strong public reaction from some cases back in the 1760s. Two of these cases happened in England and one case happened in the colonies. These cases involved some pamphleteers who would pass out pamphlets to the public in order to spread their word around. These pamphlets however ridiculed the king and his ministers. After finding this out the king issued warrants to have the pamphleteer’s homes ransacked and stripped of all their books and papers. Even back then the pamphleteers knew that their rights†¦show more content†¦These include the Katz test, the exclusionary rule, and pertaining to Berger vs. New York, this case examined whether or not evidence obtained by eavesdropping could be used in court. So back to one of my previou s thoughts that even if the founder fathers could not view the challenges that the future would bring their amendments, we as a people, through a number of different circumstances, have come up with new parts to apply to the amendments that keep them pertinent in our modern society. Also aside from the exclusionary rule which helps the citizens if evidence is illegally obtained that it cannot be used against them in court, but in the mid 1980s the good faith exception was first instituted. This was created to help the police force or any force in use of a warrant but held an error outside of their control. In short, this helped if the warrant held a mistake but it was not the policemen’s fault so even if evidence was obtained it can still be used in court even with a flawed warrant. If none of these previsions have been taken into account I would have to say that I strongly disagree with the fourth amendment in this current date because we would applying a law that was created so long ago without any concern to how it should be updated. Since the amendment has been ratified, and within this past century it has been adjusted according to fit within our needs andShow MoreRelatedThe On The Fourth Amendment1265 Words   |  6 PagesThe Fourth Amendment generally requires a warrant for the search and seizure of personal property, but no warrant is necessary when the owner voluntarily consents to the search or seizure. However, an owner may revoke his or her permission prior to the completion of the search, and the court admits the evidence found prior to the owner revoking consent. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit has repeatedly held that the government may search a photocopy of a document afterRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And The Fourteenth Amendment987 Words   |  4 PagesCitizens are protected by two constitutional amendments, under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, any search of a person or his premises (including a vehicle), and any seizure of tangible ev idence, must be reasonable. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularlyRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment : The Second Amendment943 Words   |  4 Pages The Fourth Amendment Noah Fleck November 30, 2015 My paper is going to be focused on the Fourth Amendment, which sets the baseline for searches and seizures. I will present what the Fourth Amendment is, what the rights of the individual are as stated in the Fourth Amendment, what limitations may be held within the Fourth Amendment, what must be included within the warrant, and more. I decided to write on this topic as I believe that it is important for us as citizens to knowRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And The Fifth Amendment Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pagesand the Bill of Rights, the Fourth Amendment can be best defined as an amendment providing the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized (Fourth, 2012). In general terms, the Fourth Amendment protects from illegal searchesRead MoreThe Second Amendment And The Fourth Amendment1384 Words   |  6 Pagesinfringement of the fourth. Using the lessons learned from history, the framers of the constitutions created the fourth amendment, which protects from unreasonable searches, and the fifth amendment, which prevents a person from incriminating himself or herself, to create a government with just laws, but with the advancement in technology, the fourth amendment needs to expand its policies to fit the changes in modern society. Drawing from lessons of history, the framers created the Fifth Amendment which protectsRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And The Second Amendment1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment was passed by Congress on September 25, 1789. However, it was ratified on December 15, 1791. The Fourth Amendment is part of the first 10 Amendments which form the Bill of Rights. The Fourth Amendment is made to protect people from unlawful searches and seizures. This means that the police can t search a person’s house without a warrant or probable cause. The founders of the Fourth amendment believed that freedom from government intrusion into one’s home is a natural rightRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And Fifth Amendment1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe three amendments that are used to protect the rights of those accused of a crime include, the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment protects the right of people to be secure in their persons, papers, and effects, again st unreasonable searches and seizures. (Peak, 2015, p.181). The Fifth Amendment protects the accused against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and life, liberty, and property. Meaning no person will be forced to be a witness against themselves, they cannotRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Of The Constitution1107 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fourth Amendment of the Constitution was ratified in 1791 and is an important amendment in the Bill of Rights. The Fourth Amendment is â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized† (Charles Wetterer). The issueRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Of The Constitution1365 Words   |  6 Pages Homework 1 1. The Fourth Amendment of the U.S Constitution says, â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supportedRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And Warrants1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment and Warrants The US Bill of Rights, written to limit government power in response to the tyranny of England on the colonies, gave birth to the first 10 amendments to the Constitution. The fourth amendment, contained within the Bill of Rights, will be the principle subject in this research paper. Swanson, Chamelin, Territo and Taylor (2012), noted the Constitution’s fourth amendment stated the following: The Right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers,

Corporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) - 934 Words

Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become imperative on business convention nowadays. â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large† (Holme and Watts, 2000). The term CSR was appeared in the 1950s, but until 1989, Ben and Jerry’s was the first company which truly publish a social responsibility report (Coles, 2012). In recent years, numerous organizations evaluate firms on their CSR performance since the society is concerned about the CSR ranking. Consequently, business managers in various countries may treat CSR as an inevitable priority (Porter Kramer, 2006). Nevertheless, CSR is still a controversial issue in the world. Some businesses are struggling to balance corporate and social aims due to the growing societal attention in CSR. This essay will compare and contrast arguments in favour of and against CSR from the perspective of firms. Main Body Majority of businesses believed that CSR can improve firm’s profitability and value. Companies can enhance accountability and transparency through CSR. This may lead to improve the reputation of companies among investors so the businesses can gain investment capital more easily (Kielmas, 2011). Edwards’s (2011) mentioned that Image Microsystems (IM) is an example of company that can increaseShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr1566 Words   |  7 PagesSocial responsibility or also called Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)- is the firm’s engagement (voluntarily initiated) in and its compliance (legally mandated) to environmental, social, and governance issues (The Foundation, 2014). Also, is based on stakeholder’s needs being financially sustainable, and CSR can come from both corporate or not-to-profit organizations. CSR has seven categories; Leadership, vision and values; Marketplace activities; Workforce activities; Supply chain ac tivities;Read MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1167 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept which is also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience or in a simple way a responsible business. It is an integrated concept of self-regulatory business model for any organisation. Corporate Social Responsibility has been in practice for more than fifty years now, which has been adopted not only by domestic companies but also by transnational company with voluntary CSR initiativesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr1232 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate social responsibility has become a buzzword within the industry in the last few years. Following the financial market crash investors and stakeholders began looking at corporations to act more socially responsible. The meaning of social responsibility differs across regions. Western countries are the ones who are pushing for corporate social responsibility -thesis-- A broad overview at corporate social responsibility (CSR) looks to corporations to make a change in the society or the environmentRead MoreCsr : Corporate Social Responsibility1598 Words   |  7 Pages CSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined by many groups like, Tata steel, Coca Cola, Reliance, Videocon etc. Although they all stand for similar meanings connecting to taking responsibilities of the society as a business individual, its definition has been getting broader from a established point of view, corporate social responsibility is a type of business instruction included in a business demonstration. CSR policy functions as a self-regulatoryRead MoreCsr : Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesCSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility and it is a concept with many definitions and practices and also a buzzword in the media. In general, corporate social responsibility is the policies and progra ms of business corporations which tend to benefit society while improving a corporation’s public image and profitability at the same time. The meaning of it is implemented in different countries and companies differently. Warren Buffet said that it takes 20 years to build a reputation and onlyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )863 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology in the last century. The term of Corporate Social Responsibility appears more often into public’s concerned and it has become a hot issue in recent years. This essay is going to discuss and provide an overview of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by debate some key issue in this area. 1.2 What is Corporate Social Responsibility? In 1953, Bowen’s Social Responsibility of the Businessman firstly discusses the idea of corporate social responsibility. He states the relationship between societyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1314 Words   |  6 PagesSocial responsibility has become a primal interest to the humankind for the past two decades. In the earlier days, the firms and organizations concentrated only on the financial part of the business and ignored the ethical, social and moral sectors. But in the recent times, the businesses are getting a grip of the significance of the social, ecological and environmental effects on their success. This has resulted in the emerging interactions between organizations and social segments thus giving riseRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1173 Words   |  5 Pages Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is highly important to Millennials. If a company is lacking a CSR plan, now it a good time to start one. Millennials are looking for ways in making a positive impact on the world and are expecting the same from companies. They are looking for companies that contribute to the betterment of communities and the environment. Millennials put great value in supporting such brands, companies and organizations that share these values. Companies without a CSR in placeRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr979 Words   |  4 PagesThe notion of Corporate Social Responsibility is a phenomenon globally known for many years. In spite of the fact that CSR has been neglected for quite a long time, nowadays several authors deal with this issue, as revealed by the development of theories in recent years concerning the topic. In spite of the fact that there has been a huge growth of literature it is still impossible to simply define CSR. Many definitions trying to capture the concept of CSR exist, but their content varies (MattenRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1370 Words   |  6 Pagesmore attention on the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The core issue is the appropriate responsibility of business. In as much as firms ought to obey the law, but beyond complete compliance with environmental laws, the question is whether firms have extra social responsibilities to commit part of their resources to environmental preservation voluntarily. This memo provides an exploratory investigation of the link between corporate social responsibility and the benefits accruing to a

Discipline Free Essays

1a. Rose’s action was wrong. It was an insult to Kalinda’s personality. We will write a custom essay sample on Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since Rose had an unresolved issue with an operator, Kalinda was right by calling Rose into her office to discuss and address the matter. Although, the company’s policy supported open-door policy which rose was trying to adopt, it was wrong for her to say such word directly as if there have been some unresolved issues between her and Kalinda. Rose also insulted her by saying she knows her right and that she will take care of the person to talk to. 2. Perhap, Kalinda should have not asked rose to come to her office to discuss the issue, she might have just called her and the operator together so that she will hear both from the operator and then from rose. Â  Also Kalinda perhaps should not have asked the question who rose will be comfortable talking to; Kalinda can just talk to her, try to encourage her, and probably sought out any unresolved differences between them, then ask about the issue with the operator. Furthermore, Kalinda can also wait for some time, so that Rose can come to her senses after the rigorous conflict with the operator, before calling her to discuss the issue. 2. a) Randy‘s answer to Judith was grossly inappropriate. Judith has not done wrong by trying to speak to Randy on his behavior to the customer, since it is for the benefit and in the interest of the company. From Randy’s action to the customer, one can easily deduce that he has some personality problems and he could not control his emotions (i.e. he is not matured). Judith knew that if Randy continues in this way, the company might end up losing some important customers; hence she needed to speak to Randy. Moreover, she did call randy in a modest way respecting his person by calling him to her office. b). Probably he might have some personal issues with Judith that made him to react this way or may be he had personality disorder. Also, randy might have a bad day or had a conflict at home before coming to work. c). after witnessing the whole scenario, she should have waited much longer before calling him, probably during break when he is relax. Moreover, Randy might feel belittled when Judith called her to her office, so might have save Randy the stress of leaving the desk for her office. d). Yes. at least for Judith to have called him to her office that means she must be his senior at work, so he must be punished, first, for treating the customers in a unprofessional ways and secondly, by disrespecting a senior officer in the company. How to cite Discipline, Papers

Practice of Engineering in Australia for Designs- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePractice of Engineering in Australia for Designs. Answer: Learning outcome 3: Discuss engineers roles, responsibilities and the need to employ principles of sustainable development. What By conclusively researching on sustainable development, I came to understand that the reason why we are enjoying the good health, prosperity and wellbeing in Australia is due to the critical role that engineers play in the society. I was intrigued by sustainable development as well. For better quality of life and living standards, innovation is a key driver. As per my research, for improving society, engineers play an important role in innovating life standards. Their responsibilities are a major area of research as well. I researched about the main difference between a scientist and an engineer and what I found intrigued me. I learnt that the job responsibility of a scientist is to add to the systematic knowledge of the physical world and the job responsibility of an engineer is to bring that knowledge to the physical world to mitigate practical problems. So what I was raised up with a notion that engineers only work with machines, electronics and designs. But to achieve that they need to create innovating products to make the world a better place (Mello, Strandhagen and Alfnes 2015). It also deeply concerned me that the concept of sustainable development is getting attention after such a long time. In my experience, for adding high value activities to the globally connected society and running it in parallel with emerging technologies, engineers are necessary. I checked some recent statistics of Australia and found out that the Australian engineers are facing difficulties due to the world economy changes and economic issues. What else In my opinion, preserving the environment is an inherent right of every person that is living on this planet. It is necessary for the proper development of our future generations in a sustainable manner and should not be affected by the developments that engineers make. I think society should implement innovations without harming the surroundings. What now I think the engineers need to commit to their job roles so that they can properly assess the innovations which do not harm the environment. The results of scientific innovations need to be educated to the people voluntarily. Also, they need to take care of the environment explicitly so that the future generation can prosper properly. Learning outcome 4: Manage information and documentation. What In my experience, documenting and managing information is extremely important. For multiple revisions and representing the data accurately, the information need to be managed properly. For complying with regulations, increasing efficiency and data quality and improving operations, proper documentation of data is necessary. So what Poor management and documentation of information result in inefficiency in the engineering process which results in increased project time for the company as well as the client, variations and reworks and direct delays. Most of the engineering projects that are conducted around the world (as well as in Australia) are done with the help of outsourcing. For this, a group effort is necessary which includes proper processing of accurate information and reducing the downtime costs (Schwalbe 2015). Due to poor documentation and management of information, inefficiency creeps into the engineering process. This results in direct delays, variations and reworks which increases the project time. What else Improper documentation of information is a major problem that can create issues while conducting important decisions in engineering. By maintaining a relevant source of information, the management can help in retaining prospective stakeholders as well as clients. What now This experience has helped me to understand the relevance of proper documentation of accurate information. It will help me to realize the need for proper documentation of data that helps to provide the system with a lot of benefits and provide the stakeholders with adequate confidence. It will help in proper decision making and according to me, help others to learn the value of engineering tools. Learning outcome 5: Communicate effectively across a range of contexts. What For any context or any businesses, effective communication is important. I have seen in my experience engineers communicating with people, people from different departments and clients. Due to the complex and technical nature of the process, engineers have to effectively communicate with their peers. It helps to assess that all the participants of the same project are on the same page. So what Engineers have the potential to become the leaders that they aspire to be with the help of proper communication skills. In my experience, a project contains several manager s as well as business specialists and health officials. It is imperative that the risks related to the project will be reduced if all the members of the team collaborate and communicate properly (Kokhan 2016). A person will be unable to pass on what he or she is thinking of proper communication is not conducted between the members (Hiltz, Van de Walle and Turoff 2014). What else After reviewing the websites and journals, I concluded that in ever sector (including engineering) the need for proper communication skill is necessary so that the management representatives can understand what the engineer is thinking (Broadbent 2013). What now Proper communication is necessary for properly passing information in a systematic manner. From this experience, I understood why the engineers are hired in different sectors with good communication skills. References Broadbent, D.E., 2013.Perception and communication. Elsevier. Hiltz, S.R., Van de Walle, B. and Turoff, M., 2014. The domain of emergency management information. InInformation systems for emergency management(pp. 15-32). Routledge. Holden, E., Linnerud, K. and Banister, D., 2017. The imperatives of sustainable development.Sustainable Development,25(3), pp.213-226. Kokhan, O., 2016. Importance of communication. Mello, M.H., Strandhagen, J.O. and Alfnes, E., 2015. The role of coordination in avoiding project delays in an engineer-to-order supply chain.Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management,26(3), pp.429-454. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.

Modern Jazz free essay sample

This book Is organized In two parts: Background and Basics and Modern Jazz Voicing. If you are a novice arranger, we recommend you work through the fundamental concepts in the first part before tackling the sophisticated techniques in the second. Even experienced arrangers may want a quick review of the basics; or they may choose to Jump right Into part two, but use part one as a reference section, consulting it as needed to check the top of the soprano saxs range, for instance, or to remind themselves of the standard strategies for harmonize approach notes.However you arrive at part twos discussion of contemporary voicing, we suggest you learn the material In several ways: Learn the theory. For each voicing technique, the text defines the theoretical basis as well as a step-by-step recipe for harmonize a given melody. Practice applying the technique by working through the exercises. We have provided partial solutions to start you in the right direction. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Jazz or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Train your ears.Many of the musical examples presented in the book are demonstrated on the accompanying CD. By cueing up the tracks corresponding to the written examples, o can actually hear the effect of the different intervals in the voicing being illustrated. (Look for the CD symbol 37 marking these recorded demonstrations. ) The written examples also list the instruments used In the recorded track. Knowing the Instrumentation will help you appreciate the timbres and blends of various combinations.Listen to each example at least several times in order to get it in your ears. (Some of the shorter examples are played twice. ) Train your ears further by playing the voicing on the piano and singing them. Check the sound of your employed exercises at the Plano as well. Alma to recognize the distinct musical Impressions created by certain voicing. Listen to the recordings of arrangers and players who use these voicing to create their characteristic sounds. Intervals of a minor ninth. And avoid muddy voicing (keep the bottom note of each voicing at or above d below middle c. Unless It Is the root of the chord. ) If you are using a computer program, play back your mini arrangement to see how it sounds. 1 OF 7 book concentrates on scoring for wind instruments, you can apply the same concepts to orchestrating for voices, strings, guitars, and keyboards. You should also experiment with unusual combinations and non-traditional alignments.A particular five-part voicing played on piano will sound very different when played by five saxes aligned from top to bottom as alto, alto, tenor, tenor, and baritone; or when scored for the same five saxes aligned baritone, alto, alto, tenor, tenor; or when scored for violin, flute, muted trumpet, tenor sax, and acoustic bass; or when sung by a vocal group made up of two sopranos, alto, tenor, and baritone. As you gain confidence, apply these voicing to longer portions of a selected tune. Since variety is important to any successful arrangement, remember to mix in other textures, including solo, linear, and contrapuntal passages.Before long, you will be producing complete and effective arrangements for five or six horns and a rhythm section, arrangements with a mature, contemporary dimension-?a sophisticated sound. Copyright 2001 Berkeley Press. Published by Berkeley Press. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the Publisher. PART l: Background and Basics Review these essential concepts before exploring the advanced voicing methods in Part II. CHAPTER 1 Instrumental Information 1-1 TranspositionUse the table below to transpose the concert pitch of an instrument (the pitch that actually sounds and the note that appears on a concert score) to the corresponding note that is written on that instruments part. For example, in order to have a clarinet play a concert b-flat pitch, you must write the note c on the clarinet part a major second higher than the actual concert pitch. For instruments not shown here, consult any reputable text on orchestration or instrumentation. Transposition Table Instrument Concert Pitch Written Note Transposition from Concert Pitch Flute

Patrick Bateman in American Psycho essays

Patrick Bateman in American Psycho essays In American Psycho, the antihero and of course main character Patrick Bateman shows complete signs of insanity. In reality he is mentally unstable and lacks ability to control his blood-thirst desires. He is deceitful, dishonest and disloyal to his fellow co-workers (whom are almost on the same level as himself), his fiancee and of course his victims. His world as we view it depicts him as an intelligent manipulating serial killer, in which all his victims are murdered because of value in Bateman's eyes. Unlike ordinary serial killers however; Patrick's outward appearance displays him as a handsome, well educated Harvard Grad who works as a successful financial advisor in Wall Street during the bull market of the 1980's New York City. His world as we know it; is moving in at a fast alarming rate but will his sadistic urges exceed total insanity as his past delusions take reality into utterly heinous acts. Behind the narration in the novel we can't help but convey the present setting of Bateman's world. The novel describes it as yuppie greed trying to emphasize the fact that every character uses judgement by status and style. We can get a clear picture of the lifestyle during the 80's as very hip. Sex, Drugs and Wealth all take part in the fast lifestyle of Patrick and his main social group whom enjoy proper etiquette and the fine night life of New York City. Bateman is obsessed with appearance, usually judging others by what they wear or where they live. In about every scene whether it is in a new night club in Soho or having a drink with a client; he takes the time to literally go into detail about each and every designer made clothing he is wearing and where it was purchased. As American Psycho begins we can't help but imagine how luxurious Patrick has it. Ranging from his net-worth in the millions to his Park Ave apartment a few doors down from Tom Cruise only one can imagine a personality disorder so vast. However as the no...

The Mesaba Energy Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Mesaba Energy Project - Essay Example ironmental compliance technology, namely IGCC that would remove not only air and water pollutants but would capture the CO2 from entering the atmosphere (Mesaba Energy Project – Fact Sheet). There has been a lot of commotion on the viability of the Mesaba energy project. Instead of bringing any benefits of technology, is the project going to make the life of people of Minnesota more vulnerable? There are arguments and counter-arguments against the Mesaba energy project. It is very important to reach a conclusion after checking the pros and cons of the project. It is being said that the Mesaba energy project, based on IGCC technology, would be cleaner than traditional energy-generating coal plants in performance, efficiency and emissions. Again, when we talk of innovative technology, some in-depth knowledge of the working of the gasification process is must because that is going to form basis for advocating the Mesaba energy project, located in north Minnesota. Gasification is a chemical process by which carbonic materials like coal, petroleum coke, biomass, etc. are transformed to a synthesis gas (syngas) through partial oxidation with air, oxygen, and steam by requirement (http://www.clean-energy.us/facts/gasification.htm). The ConocoPhillips E-Gas technology is the basis of gasification process – to convert coal into synthesis gas and clean the gas of impurities before burning. This technology (IGCC) is less pollutant to produce electricity from coal. It is not new, but the application is new – combining gasification technology with well-known combined-cycle technology. This gas is burned to turn generators and produce electricity. Typical coal-burning power plants release mercury, sulfur, nitrogen oxides, and lots of carbon dioxide (http://www.excelsiorenergy.com/igcc/index.html). Mesaba energy project should be favored, as it is practical than other energy sources like nuclear energy, natural gas, biomass, solar and wind energy. Nuclear energy produces

Methods and Techniques Used by Firms to Manage Earnings and the Coursework

Methods and Techniques Used by Firms to Manage Earnings and the Motives behind Earnings Management - Coursework Example The value of this activity in large firms seems to be quite high at the level that firms of this size need to publish their reports regularly so that the public is informed about their performance. For this reason, the alteration of figures included in a firm’s financial reports has become a common practice, is related to the efforts for keeping the organizational performance standardized. Still, in the literature, a different view seems to be the most popular: the motives behind earning management cannot be easily accepted. Indeed, quite often earnings management is used for giving a different impression to the public in regard the performance of a particular organization. The motives related to earnings management are also presented in this paper, offering important explanations on the following question: could earnings management become popular in all countries worldwide or not? It is proved that earnings management is not related to geographical criteria; rather, it seems that the position of a firm’s in its industry and the targets set by the managers are used as criteria for deciding the introduction of earnings management in a particular organization. Earning management can be characterized as one of the most important organizational processes. A series of factors have been related to the expansion of earnings management across organizations of different characteristics. In practice, the particular process is often used for promoting personal interests rather than the interests of the organization. The above view is verified through the definition of earning management, as included in the study of Ronen & Yaari (2007). According to the above definition, ‘earning management occurs when managers exercise their discretion over the accounting numbers with or without restrictions†¦ such discretion can be either firm value maximizing or opportunistic’.

Primary Health Care for Diabetes Treatment

Primary Health Care for Diabetes Treatment Ashley Suy Molly is a married 82-year-old woman who is diagnosed with Type II Diabetes and has developed a leg ulcer on her lower left leg. The effects of having leg ulcers impacts Molly’s physical, mental and social health. Physically, Molly’s mobility has declined. She is unable to walk as with every step she takes it causes pain. A lack of physical activity, such as walking has led to weight gain as she has been advised to sit with her leg up as much as possible to speed up the healing process. Molly’s mental well-being would be negatively impacted as she will be mentally stressed from dealing with the leg ulcer and having no mobility to do day-to-day tasks. This disenables her to have independence as she relies on Pat, her husband, to do simple tasks for her as she is immobile which may lead to guilt for relying on him to assist her with daily tasks. The leg ulcer along with immobility will inflict negative effects on Molly’s social health. Not being able to go out to see her friends and her loved ones or spend time outside of home with Pat will cause an abundant amount of stress which will gradually lead to depression. The issues that will be primarily focused on are, Primary Health Care relating to Molly’s Leg ulcer, Principles of Wellness, the Wellness Model, Type 2 Diabetes in regards to Molly’s condition and how an Enrolled Nurse will support Pat through a time of distress of grieving and bereavement. Primary Health Care (PHC) is the primary contact of accessing health care and it is based on the needs of individuals and the country. It focuses on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and resources that are made universal for people and families at an affordable cost that individuals and the country can afford to assist with their individual growth and development to maintain a healthy life (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013, pp. 85-86). Since PHC is based on providing appropriate resources for individuals, Molly should be educated on the different types of services that will allow her to treat her health problem effectively. Some services include, home carers, community service, counsellors and online websites such as Diabetes Australia. As Molly suffers from a Leg ulcer she is evidently unable to participate in her regular community activities like she once use too. PHC encourages services that are scientifically sound and socially acceptable – as well as, relevant to the client. A way that PHC can be beneficial for her is through a home visiting service or physiologists that is subsidised by Medicare. PHC supports the involvement of a multidisciplinary team – integration of services that will assist Molly in the healing process. Nurses, dieticians, physiologist, podiatrists and GPs are the most appropriate types of multidisciplinary members. This team will educate her, Pat and her family with informa tion of diabetes, leg ulcers, proper nutrition, appropriate exercises and activities to promote her health as well as preventing future hospitalisation or illness exacerbations. ‘Wellness’ according to Student Health and Counselling Services (SHCS) (https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/wellness/) ‘is an active process of becoming aware of and making choices towards a healthy and fulfilling life’. The wellness model is a framework that individuals use to become aware of the interconnectedness of each dimension of the wheel and how they play a significant factor to healthy living. The Wellness Model consists of six dimensions: physical, social, intellectual, spiritual, emotional and occupational (Hettler, 1976). A principle of wellness is ‘the self is the only true healer’. This refers to the health professionals assisting individuals during the healing process. However, it is primarily up to ones’ body and mind to heal– as well as allowing time for full recovery. (Hoppers Institute, n.d). Another principle of wellness is ‘Prevention eliminates the need for treatment’. This simply means that the prevention of wellness should predominantly be focused on a solution or an outcome to eliminate the problem so there would not be a need for treatment. These principles apply to Molly as she has health professionals that help facilitate the healing process with dressing the wound three times a week and advising her to recover at home which is allowing time to pass by to allow full recovery. Prevention eliminates the need for treatment principle relates to Molly because she needs to limit the chances of leg ulcers from reoccurring again in the future. So, with a mixture of moderate exercise and a healthy diet it would minimise leg ulcers from occurring again. Another effective way to limit the chances of developing leg ulcers again is by using compression socks or hosiery to allow adequate blood circulation in the leg, thus preventing leg wounds. (Kenny, 2013) Type 2 Diabetes is insulin that is either, unable to produce what the body needs or the cells in the body are unable to use the existing insulin effectively (also known as, insulin resistance). (Falvo, 2014) According to Diabetes Australia (http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/Understanding-Diabetes/Diabetes-in-Australia/) an estimated 280 Australian’s develop Diabetes every day. It is the most common form of diabetes, affecting 85 – 90% of all people with diabetes. Although it usually affects adults over the age of 45, it is now affecting younger people even children as young as 3. Research has shown that women over the age of 45 and overweight are more susceptible to getting diabetes. Molly has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetic for 17 years. What happens in the body of a diabetic person is that the pancreas which controls glucose in the body makes less insulin (a hormone). However, if the existing cells in the body are unable to effectively use insulin, it makes it difficult to keep blood glucose levels (BGL) in an optimum range. The pancreatic cells cannot use existing insulin effectively thus, why she has been prescribed oral medication to control her blood glucose lev el. Diabetes contribute to leg ulcers as fatty substances called atheroma develops on the inside lining of the arteries reducing blood flow to various parts of the body. The most commonly affected area is the arteries in the legs – causing a decrease in blood supply to the feet (Kenny, 2014). Diabetic retinopathy is the most common diabetic eye disease. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina. Blood vessels in the eye may swell, or leak fluid. In some people, abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina. A learning program for Molly’s Leg ulcer is a crucial factor in educating her on the prevention of reoccurring leg ulcers. Some teaching methods that would be used are verbal discussions about Diabetes, her eating habits, exercising routine and lifestyle. Since she has put on weight, she feels tired and unwell. A dietician and a local GP will work together to review current blood and other tests that will be mixed together to come up with a suitable diet plan. The dietician will then provide Molly with written information that she will be able to take home to follow, thus achieving her physical health. (Dieticians Associated of Australia, 2014) Another method of teaching is through a physiologist who can demonstrate various low to mild exercise routines where the activities are suitable and safe to follow as well as assist with Molly’s current immobility (Allied Health Profession Australia [AHPA], 2010). As mental health for Molly is a risk factor, beyond blue encourages that maintaining connections with friends, family and the community can prevent feelings of loneliness and isolation and help to stay mentally healthy (Beyond Blue, 2013). This first link is a publication regarding leg ulcers and how to care for them, thus educating Molly on Leg ulcers. Molly will need to read this publication to understand it or have a relative or health professional explain it to her. http://www.awma.com.au/publications/vlu_patient_info_a4_2012-08-21.pdf The second resource that Molly can learn from is the Leg Ulcer Prevention Program (LUPP) which is an electronic multimedia client education package for people receiving care regarding leg ulcers. The program is delivered at home via a nurse’s personal computer, so Molly will not have to move too much. Also, she can listen and watch the multimedia. (Kapp, S; Miller, C; and Donohue, L, 2010) Grief and loss are two major feelings that Pat has encountered as Molly passed. Grief is a response to loss. People experience grief differently; some may go through sadness, anger, anxiety, disbelief, panic, relief or even numbness. (Healey, 2010) To relieve Pat’s grief, an Enrolled Nurse would offer basic reassurance that he is not alone, an opportunity for him to talk about the loss of his wife, encourage him to seek help from other resources if he needs, such as psychologists, counsellors, or mental health services. The Australian Centre for Grief and Bereavement (ACGB) offers support groups that will help participants in many ways. Some of the groups that they offer are Bereaved Partners, Death of a Parent, For Men, Pet Loss and many more. ACGB also shares stories of other people that have gone through loss (Australian Centre for Grief Bereavement, n.d). Another service available is the ‘Compassionate Friends Victoria’, a group that offers ‘men’s space’ where bereaved men go along and discuss issues together. (Compassionate Friends Victoria, 2014) Primary Health care along with the Wellness Model play a major role in the quality of life that Molly has experienced. Type 2 Diabetes has a major affect on Molly’s health, thus contributed to leg ulcers. Pat will gradually move on from grieving over the loss of his wife with the help of support groups. Word Count: 1591 References Donna R. Falvo.(2014). Medical and Psychosocial Aspects of Chronic Illness and Disability (Ed. 5) (p.377) Beyond Blue (2013). Older People and Depression. Retrieved from: http://www.beyondblue.org.au/resources/for-me/older-people hopperinstitue.com. (n.d.).Principles of wellness. Retrieved from http://www.hopperinstitute.com/wellness.html Diabetes Australia (2013). Type II Diabetes. Retrieved from: http://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/Understanding-Diabetes/Diabetes-in-Australia/ Bill Hettler, MD. (1976). The Six Dimensions of Wellness Model. Retrieved from http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nationalwellness.org/resource/resmgr/docs/sixdimensionsfactsheet.pdf Gabrielle Koutoukidis., Kate Stainton., Jodie Hughson. (2013). Health promotion, education and wellness. In Elizabetch Coady Jane Coulcher (Ed.6), Tabbner’s Nursing Care (pp. 85-86). Tim Kenny. (2013).Venous Leg Ulcers. Retrieved from: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/venous-leg-ulcers-leaflet shcs.ucdavis.edu (n.d) Wellness. Retrieved from: https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/wellness/ compassionatefriendsvictoria.org.au.(2014). Retrieved from Compassionate Friends Victoria: http://www.compassionatefriendsvictoria.org.au/ grief.org.au. (n.d.).Grief.Retrieved from Australia Centre for Grief Bereavement: http://www.grief.org.au/grief_and_bereavement_support/understanding_grief/about_grief Justin Healey. (2010). Coping with Grief and Loss: Vol. 319.Coping with Grief and Loss. Australia: The Spinny Press.

Legalization of Gambling in Ohio Essay -- Papers

Legalization of Gambling in Ohio The words Casinos and Gambling are often associated with gangsters, prostitution, murderers, and all the illegal operations one could think of. Those kinds of stereotypes are picked up in movies like ?Casino? and the countless other gangster and casino related movies that are based in the 50?s, 60?s, and 70?s, but that was then and this is now. ?While there may be some vestigial ties between organized crime and casinos, gambling is now big business? (Weissman 1). ?The term gambling or ?gaming? as the industry calls it, means any legalized form of wagering or betting conducted in a casino, on a riverboat, on an Indian reservation, or at any other location under the jurisdiction of the United States? (National Gambling Impact Study Commission Act). The hobby of gambling is a part of most people lives. Casual bets on the Bulls and Knicks game or a weekend poker game at your buddies house are both forms of gambling. Gambling is a multi-billion dollar industry and Amy J. Seifert said in her article The Stakes that ?gambling has become one of the nation?s fastest growing industries? (Seifert 2). Ohio can get a piece of that if they legalize all forms of gambling. Gambling, like baseball, is a national pastime. Gambling is deeply imbedded in the history of United States. Many settlers in Jamestown had their passageway paid for by the sale of lottery tickets. The revolutionary army was funded by lottery tickets also--Gen. George Washington bought the first one. In the 18th Century, buildings at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton were financed by lotteries (History of Gambling...1). Many people of the 1800?s wouldn?t be caught dead without a deck... ...st. [Online] Available http://www.laketahoe.com/About/Gamhist.htm, February 26, 2007. Kolasky, Bob. Issue of the Week: Fighting Long Odds. [Online] Available http://www.intellectualcapital.com/issues/97/0911/icissue.asp, February 22, 2007 NATIONAL GAMBLING IMPACT STUDY COMMISSION ACT. [Online] Available http://www.ngisc.gov/c-law.html, February 20, 2007 ?Neon Night in Las Vegas.? Encarta Multimedia Encyclopedia. CD-ROM, 2005. Official Report of Votes for Statewide Issue 1. [Online] Available http://www.state.oh.us/sos/dpatlarg.html, March 1, 2007 Seifert, Amy J. The stakes. [Online] Available http://www.churchstreetumc. org/ present2.html, February 28, 2007. Weissman, Robert. A BAD BET Casino Economics and the Politics of Gambling [Online] Available http://prince.essential.org/monitor/hyper/mm1196.04. html, February 10, 2007.

Why College Students Drop Out

College costs a lot of money. Going into college most students do not understand the expenses that come along with it. Tuition increases year by year but the majority of students either do not of black women said financial problems are the reason for them leaving school (â€Å"Money,† 2012). A job can be obtained by them to maintain but in today’s economy it can be hard for college students to find jobs because people that may have already gone to college or not are now accepting jobs that kids in college are trying to be hired for because so many of their jobs have laid everyone off.According to Yen H. , many older people, immigrants or college graduates that are in debt are taking on teenage jobs as they search for jobs within their careers (Yen 2012). Once these kids have figured out they cannot support themselves and their parents cannot or will not support them for one reason or another, they then find themselves with no other option than to leave school. realize i t or are not concerned because they are aided financially by some kind of assistance. Along with tuition, room and board, books, etc. students need personal items for their rooms. Those with cars need gas and they will also need money for all other activities they wish to participate in. 33% of black men and 26% Another reason many students drop out of school is grades. Coming straight out high school some kids do not know the severity of maintaining good grades and a satisfactory standing GPA. Students begin school enjoying the freedom of being on their own and get caught up having fun instead of focusing on their school work.Some students on the other hand may not receive bad grades because of partying but because they are not good test takers. Opponents of No Child Left Behind say standardized tests, â€Å"promotes a narrow curriculum and drill-like â€Å"teaching to the test† (â€Å"Standardized,† 2011). Unlike high school there is not as much homework or extra cr edit to fall back on if one does not do well on tests. There are many students that can obtain course information but do not excel in standardized testing for reasons such as test anxiety or the limitation of the presentation of information.This is why so many students go to class, study the information and then fail the tests. Yen, H. (2010, June 12). More than seven in 10 U. S. Teens Jobless in Summer. USA Today. Retrieved from http://usatoday30. usatoday. com/money/economy/story/2012-06-12/teen-jobs-disappearing/55555506/1 (2012, September 7). Money is a Major Factor in Why Black Students Drop Out of College. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (Online). Proquest. Retrieved from http://0-search. proquest. com. sheba. ncat. du/docview/1038376120. (2011, July 8). Standardized Testing Pros and Cons: Latest Research Analyzed on New ProCon. org Website. Economics Week. 160. Retrieved from http://0-linksource. ebsco. com. sheba. ncat. edu/FullText. aspx? linkout=http%3a%2f%2fwww. lex isnexis. com%2fus%2flnacademic%2fapi%2fversion1%2fsr%3fshr%3dt%26csi%3d337799%26sr%3d(%2522Standardized%2520Testing%2520Pros%2520and%2520Cons%3a%2520Latest%2520Research%2520Analyzed%2520on%2520New%2520ProCon. org%2520Website%2522)%2bAND%2bDATE%2bIS%2b2011

Czech Republic s Problem Of Poverty - 796 Words

In terms of poverty, Table 2 shows the percentage of the population in Czech Republic compare with the world from 2006 to 2012 who live on less than $1.90 a day. From 2006 to 2012, Czech Republic’s poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day has been nearly 0% of population compare to nearly 15% of world population. Not only Czech Republic has a low ratio of poverty headcount at $1.90 a day, but also has the percentage of population living under the at-risk-of-poverty threshold lower than an average of 27-European-countries. In Table 3 provides the percentage of population living under the at-risk-of-poverty threshold which set at 60 percent of national median income after social transfer. It shows that from 2005 to 2014 Czech Republic’s percentage of population living under the at-risk-of-poverty is fluctuated between 8-10%. Furthermore, inequality of income distribution ratio in Table 4, which indicates total disposable income ratio received by the 20% of the population with the highest income to that received by the 20% of the population with the lowest income (Eurostat, 2016a), shows stable rate of inequality around 3.5% since 2005. Gini index is the measurement of inequality level in family income distribution in a country, range from 0-100 which the lower of Gini index means the more equal of income distribution (CIA, no date). Hence, from Table 5, Czech Republic has low level of GINI index with decreased from 27.5 in 2004 to 26.1 in 2012. 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